- 对话 Dialog
- 词汇表 Word List
- 语法点 Grammar Points
- 部首 Chinese Radical
- 构字 Formation of Hanzi
- 词根/词缀 Word Root/Affix
【HSK 三级】 第 12 课 1. 对话 Dialog
Jīntiān tàiyáng cóng xībian chūlái le ma?
今天太阳从西边出来了吗？
Zěnme le?
怎么了？
Nǐ zěnme zhème zǎo jiù yào shuìjiào le? Yǐqián dōu yào 12 diǎn yǐhòu cái shuìjiào.
你怎么这么早就要睡觉了？以前都要 12 点以后才睡觉。
Wǒ míngtiān 8 diǎn jiù yào dào gōngsī.
我明天 8 点就要到公司。
Yǒushì ma?
有事吗？
Jīnglǐ shēngqì le, tā gàosù wǒ, míngtiān 8 diǎn bù dào, yǐhòu jiù bié lái le.
经理生气了，他告诉我，明天 8 点不到，以后就别来了。
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词汇表 Word List
| 1 | 太阳从西边出来了 |
"The sun is rising in the west." That'll be the day! |
| 2 tàiyáng | 太阳 | the Sun |
| 3 xī | 西 | west |
| 4 yǐqián | 以前 | before (a point of time) | ago | previously |
| 5 yǐhòu | 以后 | after | later on | afterwards | later | hereafter: |
| 6 cái | 才 | indicating just happened |late |
| 7 jīnglǐ | 经理 | manager |
| 8 shēngqì | 生气 | be angry | take offence | be offended |
语法点 Grammar Points
【语法点 1】 才 vs. 就
When placed before verbs, both 才 and 就 can express time. However, 才 implies it is later than the time expected, while 就 implies it is earlier than the time expected.
Zhídào zǒu dào ménkǒu, tā cái fāxiàn wǒ.
直到走到门口，她才发现我。She didn't notice me until she reached the door.
Tā gāng zǒu dào ménkǒu, jiù fāxiànle wǒ.
她刚走到门口，就发现了我。She just came to the door and found me.
Wǒ shàng gè yuè cái zhīdào zhè jiàn shì.
我上个月才知道这件事。I only learned about it last month.
Wǒ shàng gè yuè jiù zhīdào zhè jiàn shì le.
我上个月就知道这件事了。I already knew it last month.
【语法点 2】 才 + A, 就 + B
"才 A, 就 B" indicates that two events have happened in immediate sequence.
Wǒ cái chīle yīdào cài, jiù yǐjīng chī bǎo le.
我才吃了一道菜，就已经吃饱了。I've only eaten one course and I'm already full.
Cái 4 diǎn, tiān jiù kāishǐ hēi le.
才4点，天就开始黑了。It's only 4 o'clock and it's already getting dark.
Zhè chǎng yǎnchū cái kāishǐ jiù jiéshù le.
这场演出才开始就结束了。This show was over shortly after it started.
Wǒmen cái chūfā, chē jiù huài le.
我们才出发，车就坏了。The car broke down right after we set off.
【语法点 3】 （直到 +) Time + 才 + Verb
The structure "直到 + Time + 才 + Verb" implies that an action occurs later than expected, not before a particular time or event.
Wǒ shì bàn xiǎoshí qián cái dào de.
我是半小时前才到的。I only arrived half an hour ago.
Tā zuótiān cái líkāi běijīng.
他昨天才离开北京。He left Beijing only yesterday.
Zuó wǎn wǒ zhídào 8 diǎn zhōng cái líkāi bàngōngshì.
昨晚我直到8点钟才离开办公室。I didn't leave the office until 8 o'clock last night.
Zhídào shàng zhōu wǒ cái ná dào gōngzuò xǔkě zhèng.
直到上周我才拿到工作许可证。Not until last week did I get a work permit.
【语法点 4】 才 + Adj./Verb + 呢！
才 can be used with the Modal Particle 呢 to strengthen the force of a statement.
Jiālǐ bù rè, wàimiàn cái rè ne!
家里不热，外面才热呢！It is not hot at home, but it's really hot outside!
Jīn wǎn tā yào bù lái, wǒ cái gāoxìng ne.
今晚她要不来，我才高兴呢。I will be very happy if she doesn't come tonight.
Wǒ cái bù shēngqì ne.
我才不生气呢。I am certainly not angry.
Wǒmen cái bù qù ne!
我们才不去呢！We are certainly not going!
2. 部首 Chinese Radical
Fǔ
阝
Hill | City
阝俗称“双耳旁”。阝在字的左边时，是“阜”（Fù），多与山地、地形相关；阝在右边时，是“邑”（Yì），多与城镇、地名相关。
The radical /fǔ/ 阝 is commonly known as "双耳旁"(shuāng ěr páng).
When on the left-side, 阝 is /Fù/ 阜 meaning "hill". Characters with the left-side 阝 are usually related to Hill.
When on the right-side, 阝 is /Yì/ 邑 meaning "city". Characters with the right-side 阝 are usually related to City.
When on the left-side, 阝 is /Fù/ 阜 meaning "hill". Characters with the left-side 阝 are usually related to Hill.
When on the right-side, 阝 is /Yì/ 邑 meaning "city". Characters with the right-side 阝 are usually related to City.
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3. 构字 Formation of Hanzi
yóu 尤 especially | particularly4. 词根/词缀 Word Root/Affix
yǐ
以
use | consider as | in order to | as well as | because of | 以+Time ……
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…… 18 HSK words contain the word root 以.