【Part 5. № 83-102】汉字部首 Chinese Radicals - 木艹禾耒力工竹瓜米豆麦谷饣食酉黑色黍香音

⬅️汉字部首 - № 83-102

Today, I am going to introduce 20 radicals related to plants, farming, etc. We will learn their original scripts and related characters and words.

In this video, I will continue to introduce radicals which are also pictograph characters(象形字) or compound ideograph characters(会意字). Some radicals have strong connections with each other in terms of their forms, meanings and origins.

汉字部首 第5部分 83-102

Chinese Radicals:
木艹禾耒力工竹瓜米豆麦谷饣食酉黑色黍香音

1. 【木】 ✏️ tree | wood 📢 /mù/
   木字旁 mùzìpáng
   "木" is a pictograph character. Its oracle bone script depicts a tree with branches and roots.
2. 【艹】 ✏️ grass 📢 /cǎo/
   草字头 cǎozìtóu
   The radical 艹 is originated from "艸 /cǎo/" which is a pictograph character, meaning grass, herbs or plants. It is the same as the character 草. The radical 艹 is usually placed on the top of a character.
3. 【禾】 ✏️ cereal crops | grain 📢 /hé/
   禾字旁 / 禾木旁 hézìpáng / hémùpáng
   禾 is a pictograph character. Its oracle bone script resembles a ripe cereal plant with stem, leaves and roots.
4. 【耒】 ✏️ plow 📢 /lěi/
   耒字旁 lěizìpáng
   耒 is a pictograph character. Its original script depicts an ancient soil turning tool in a wooden plow shape.
5. 【力】 ✏️ power | strength 📢 /lì/
   力字旁 lìzìpáng
   力 is a pictograph character. Its original script depicts an ancient plow used to cultivate land. The meaning of 力 was later extended to "strength".
6. 【工】 ✏️ work 📢 /gōng/
   工字旁 gōngzìpáng
   工 is a pictograph character. Its oracle bone script resembles an ancient tool.
7. 【竹】 ✏️ bamboo 📢 /zhú/
   竹字头 zhúzìtóu
   竹 is a pictograph character. Its original script depicts two pieces of bamboo leaves.
8. 【瓜】 ✏️ melon 📢 /guā/
   瓜字旁 guāzìpáng
   瓜 is a pictograph character. Its original script depicts a melon growing on the vine.
9. 【米】 ✏️ rice | grain 📢 /mǐ/
   米字旁 mǐzìpáng
   米 is a pictograph character. Its oracle bone script depicts husked rice.
10. 【豆】 ✏️ bean 📢 /dòu/
    豆字旁 dòuzìpáng
    豆 is a pictograph character. Its oracle bone script depicts an ancient ritual vessel.
11. 【麦】 ✏️ wheat 📢 /mài/
    麦字旁 màizìpáng
    The oracle bone script of 麦 includes two components: 来(lái/come) and 夂(zhǐ/foot). Its original meaning was "come". The ancients believed that wheat was a gift from heaven.
12. 【谷】 ✏️ valley 📢 /gǔ/
    谷字旁 gǔzìpáng
    谷 is a compound ideograph character(会意字). In oracle bone script, the upper part of 谷 resembles flowing water. 谷 indicates water flowing from a valley.
13. 【饣】 ✏️ eating | food 📢 /shí/
    食字旁 shízìpáng
    饣 is originated from the character 食, meaning "eating or food". The radical 饣 is often used on the left side of characters.
14. 【食】 ✏️ eating | food 📢 /shí/
    食字旁 / 食字底(Bottom) shízìpáng / shízìdǐ
    食 is a compound ideograph character. In oracle bone script, the upper part of 食 is an inverted 口(open mouth); and the lower part is a food container filled with food. 食 expresses "open mouth to eat".
15. 【酉】 ✏️ wine | alcohol | things made by fermentation 📢 /yǒu/
    酉字旁 yǒuzìpáng
    酉 is a pictograph character. Its oracle bone script depicts a liquor jar.
16. 【黑】 ✏️ black 📢 /hēi/
    黑字旁 hēizìpáng
    The oracle bone script of 黑 resembles a standing person with black face tattoo.
17. 【色】 ✏️ color | form 📢 /sè/
    色字旁 sèzìpáng
    The original script of 色 includes two parts: 人(rén / person) and 卩(jié / kneeling person). The original meaning of 色 is "anger look".
18. 【音】 ✏️ sound 📢 /yīn/
    音字旁 yīnzìpáng
    The characters 音 and 言 have the same origin. In the original script of 音, 言 is the lower part. Another horizontal stroke on the top expresses "to make a sound".
    1. The oracle bone script of 舌 depicts a tongue sticking out a mouth.
    2. In the oracle bone script of 言, the lower part is 舌 (shé / tongue). A horizontal stroke added on the top expresses "to speak with a tongue".
    3. In the original script of 音, 言 is the lower part. Another horizontal stroke on the top expresses "to make a sound".
    
19. 【黍】 ✏️ millet 📢 /shǔ/
    黍字旁 shǔzìpáng
    The oracle bone script of 黍 depicts a ripe millet plant with drooping heads. The millet seeds are sticky after being cooked.
20. 【香】 ✏️ fragrant 📢 /xiāng/
    香字旁 xiāngzìpáng
    The oracle bone script of 香 includes two parts: 黍(shǔ / millet) and 甘(gān / sweet, tasty). 香 means "sweet-smelling, fragrant".

Now, we have learned 20 Chinese radicals.
A total of 361 HSK characters contain these 20 radicals. From these characters we can learn 1804 HSK words. In the next video I will continue to introduce other HSK radicals.