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🎁 V/VP/Clause + 并 + V/VP/Clause
【 HSK 四19】Top
The conjunction 并 is used to connect verbs, verb phrases or clauses, meaning "and". It indicates that two actions occur simultaneously or progressively.
1. 我们讨论并通过了这个提议。
We discussed and approved this proposal.
2. 他支持并帮助我实现了目标。
He supported and helped me achieve my goal.
3. 人们欢呼并鼓起掌来。
People were cheering and clapping.
4. 被告认罪，并被 罚款500元。
The defendant pleaded guilty and was fined $500.
5. 他去了广州，并在那儿定居。
He went to Guangzhou and settled there.
6. 他被 叫去办公室，并被 解雇了。
He was called in to the office and fired.
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🎁 ……以及……
【 HSK 四19】 Top
The conjunction 以及 connects
nouns, verbs, or phrases in a coordinate complex sentence (并列复句), expressing a joint relationship. It is usually used in written language.
7. 你准备从哪里以及如何开始？
Where and how are you going to start?
8. 全球变暖以及气候变化影响着每个人。
Global warming and climate change affect everyone.
9. 他拿走了我的护照以及所有其他证件。
He took my passport and all other documents.
10. 请说明从何开始，以及如何做。
Please explain where to begin and how to do it.
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🎁 Clause，此外 + Clause
【 HSK 四20】 Top
The conjunction 此外 can be used to connect clauses or sentences, meaning "in addition; apart from; besides". You can also use the fixed expression "除此之外".
11. 我每天要上学，此外还要参加训练。
I go to school and attend training every day.
12. 他有一所房子，此外还有一套别墅。
Apart from his house, he also has a villa.
13. …… 此外，我还有一点要说。
…… in addition, I have one further point to make.
14. …… 除此之外，我们也面临着竞争。
……, in addition, we also face competition.
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🎁 ……，而……。
【 HSK 四20】 Top
The conjunction 而 can be used in complex sentences to connect words or phrases that are juxtaposed. It can also be used to link two contrasting clauses.
15. 他长得瘦高而英俊。
He is tall, lean and handsome.
16. 这种水果小而圆。
The fruit are small and round.
17. 她走了，而我留了下来。
She left, but I remained behind.
18. 她通过了考试，而他没有通过。
She passed the exam, but he failed.
19. 别人都乘车，而我是走回来的。
I walked back while the others rode in the car.
20. 这是个心理而不是生理问题。
The problem was psychological rather than physiological.
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🎁 不是……而是……
【 HSK 四20 四43】 Top
The set of conjunctions 不是……而是 is used in a coordinate complex sentence (并列复句). It connects and compares contrasting situations to emphasize the affirmative clause after 而是.
21. 重要的不是赢,而是参与。
What really counts is not the winning but the playing.
22. 墙面不是白的，而是灰的。
The walls are not white, but gray.
23. 这不是我的想法，而是事实。
This is not my thought, but the fact.
24. 不是我 ，而是他 该负责任。
Not I but he is responsible for it.
25. 目的不是追究责任而是解决问题。
The purpose is not to hold accountable but to solve the problem.
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🎁 既然……就/也/……
【 HSK 四20 四55】 Top
The conjunction 既然 can be used in the first clause of a causational complex sentence (因果复句), meaning "since; in that case".
26. 既然你这么说，我只好同意了。
Since you put it this way, I have no choice but to agree.
27. 既然我做到了，你也同样可以做到。
Now that I did it, you can do it too.
28. 既然这样，我们就早点儿开始。
In this case, let's start earlier.
29. 既然如此，你为什么不说实话呢？
So, why don't you tell the truth?
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🎁 ……，可见………
【 HSK 四20 四56】 Top
The conjunction 可见 can be used to introduce the last clause of a causational complex sentence(因果复句). It indicates the conclusion drawn from the situations mentioned before. 由此可见 is the more formal expression.
30. …… 由此可见，这世界变得多快！
It goes to show you how fast the world has changed!
31. 他双手发抖，可见很紧张。
The shake of his hands betrayed his nervousness.
32. …… 可见，这个问题相当严重。
Obviously this problem is quite serious.
33. …… 可见，其他行星也可能有生命。
Consequently, there may also be life on other planets.
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🎁 Clause……，总之，Clause…….
【 HSK 四20】 Top
The conjunction 总之 is used to summarize the situations mentioned earlier and draw a conclusion. It introduces the last clause of a complex sentence. 总而言之 is an idiom, meaning "all in all; generally speaking".
34. …… 总之，这是一本很有趣的小说。
Overall, it's a very interesting novel.
35. …… 总之，理论必须同实践相结合。
In sum, theory should be combined with practice.
36. …… 总之一句话, 我们破产了。
In a word, we are bankrupt.
37. …… 总而言之，我们不指望他。
All in all, we are not counting on him.
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🎁 不但/不仅 ……, 甚至 ……
【 HSK 四20 四47】 Top
The conjunction 甚至 can be used in a progressive complex sentence (递进复句). The clause following 甚至 emphasizes or expands the meaning of the previous clause.
38. 人们不但没有电，甚至没有水。
Not only do people have no electricity, but also no water.
39. 这只表不但不准确，甚至已经停了。
This watch is not only inaccurate, it's stopped already.
40. 这座建筑不仅不美观，甚至难看。
This building is not only unattractive, but even ugly.
41. 我不仅跟她说了话，甚至得到了签名！
Not only did I speak to her, I even got her autograph!
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🎁 假如……，（那么/那/则/就/便）……
【 HSK 四20 四51】 Top
The conjunction 假如 introduces a hypothetical situation in a hypothetical complex sentence(假设复句). You can make a conclusion or raise a question in the second clause.
42. 假如真是这样，那么你就是对的。
If this is the case, then you are definitely right.
43. 假如你的答案是“对”，那你便错了！
If your answer is "yes", then you are wrong!
44. 假如我是你的话，我会再等一会儿。
I should wait a little longer, if I were you.
45. 假如他死了，那怎么办？
What if he died? What then?
46. 假如我给你加钱，你愿意留下吗？
If I were to offer you more money, would you stay?
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🎁 万一……，（就/那）……
【 HSK 四52】 Top
The conjunction 万一 introduces a hypothetical situation in a hypothetical complex sentence(假设复句), meaning "just in case". It is used to express an unlikely hypothesis.
47. 万一他忘了，请提醒他。
Please remind him just in case he forgets.
48. 万一我见到他，我就告诉他。
If I should see him, I would tell him.
49. 万一你需要帮助，就给我打电话。
In case you need any help, just give me a call.
50. 万一这些都是错的，那怎么办？
What if these are all wrong?
