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Syllables (ma- me- mi- mo- mu ... ) & 27 Phonetic Components 音节 & 声符 (声旁...

⬅️ 音节 Syllables


In this video, I will introduce syllables that start with "m", and 27 phonetic components. The phonetic component (声符) is also called 声旁. Both single-component and phono-semantic compound characters can be used as phonetic components.

If tone distinctions are omitted, there are only around 400 different syllables in Chinese. Each Chinese character usually corresponds to one syllable. It results in a great number of homophones in Chinese.

  1. 马, is one of the Chinese radicals which usually indicate the general meaning of characters. In the following group of characters, 马 is used to give an idea of the pronunciation.
     【】 horse
  2.  【ma】 mum; ma
  3.  【hào】 number
  4.  【】 scold; accuse
  5.  【ma】 (modal particle)
  6. 烦 【fan】 trouble; troublesome
  7.  【ma】 (modal particle)
  8.  【àn】 massage
  9. 鬼 【guǐ】 devil; demon
  10.  【dǎ】 polish; grind
  11.  【gòumǎi】 buy; purchase
  12. 卖 has only 1 pronunciation "mài" now. As a surname, it used to be pronounced as "yù". This pronunciation was removed from the dictionary.
     【wàimài】 take-out
  13. 书 【//shū】 study; read
  14.  【shú】 to redeem; to ransom
  15.  【jì】 continue; proceed
  16. 巾 【máojīn】 towel
  17. 米 【háomǐ】 millimeter
  18. 时 【hàoshí】 time-consuming; to take a period of (x amount of time)
  19.  【shímáo】 fashionable; stylish
  20.  【jiǎmào】 to impersonate; to counterfeit
  21. 子 【màozi】 hat; cap
  22. 盾 【máodùn】 contradictory; contradiction
  23. 台(酒) 【máotáijiǔ】 Maotai (spirit)
  24. 软 【róuruǎn】 soft; lithe
  25. The characters in this group share the same phonetic component 每. They were pronounced very similarly in Old Chinese. But because of the long history of language evolution, some of these pronunciation "hints" are now useless or even confusing.
    当 【měidāng】 whenever; every time
  26.  【hòuhuǐ】 regret; remorse
  27. 花 【méihuā】 plum blossom; wintersweet
  28. 感 【mǐngǎn】 sensitive; susceptible
  29. 辱 【rǔ】 to insult; to humiliate
  30.  【dǎoméi】 have bad luck; be out of luck
  31. 毛 【méimao】 eyebrow; brow
  32.  【míngmèi】 bright and beautiful
  33.  【dàmén】 entrance door; front door
  34.  【wǒmen】 we; us
  35.  【fánmèn】 be unhappy; be worried
  36.  【tíwèn】 ask a question; put questions to
  37.  【xīnwén】 news
  38.  【mèng】 (a surname)
  39.  【xiōngměng】 fierce; violent
  40.  【qǐméng】 enlighten; free from prejudice
  41. 胧 【ménglóng】 dim moonlight; hazy moonlight
  42. 饭 【fàn】 cooked rice
  43.  【qiú】 soccer fans ; ball game fan
  44. 语 【yǔ】 riddle; conundrum
  45. 包 【miànbāo】 bread
  46. 怀 【miǎnhuái】 cherish the memory of; think of
  47. 费 【miǎnfèi】 free
  48. 强 【miǎnqiǎng】 reluctantly; manage with an effort
  49. 上 【wǎnshang】 evening
  50. 救 【wǎnjiù】 save; remedy
  51.  【hémiáo】 seedlings of cereal crops; grain seedling
  52.  【māo】 cat
  53. 绘 【miáohuì】 describe; display
  54. 准 【miáozhǔn】 to take aim at; to target
  55.  【rénmín】 the people
  56.  【liúmáng】 rogue; hooligan
  57.  【shuìmián】 sleep
  58. 天 【míngtiān】 tomorrow
  59.  【tóngméng】 alliance; league
  60. 芽 【méngyá】 sprout; germinate
  61. 字 【míngzi】 name; title
  62. 记 【míngjì】 engrave on one's mind; always remember
  63. 名其妙 【míngqímiào】 baffling; mysterious
  64. 特儿 【tèr】 model
  65.  【shā】 desert
  66.  【】 membrane; film
  67.  【jì】 lonely; lonesome
  68.  【fǔ】 stroke; fondle
  69.  【kāi】 open; inaugurate
  70.  【gōng】 public cemetery
  71.  【xiàn】 admire; envy
  72. 捐 【juān】 to solicit contributions; to collect donations
  73. 朝三四 【zhāosānsì】 chop and change; change one's mind often
  74.  【zhōu】 weekend
  75.  【pào】 foam; froth
  76.  【】 brush off; wipe off
  77. As a phono-semantic compound character, 磨 can also be used as the sound part for other characters. It is a second level phonetic component.
     【dǎ】 polish; grind
  78. 菇 【gu】 mushroom; to pester
  79.  【mǒu】 certain; some
  80. 体 【méitǐ】 media; mass media
  81. 气 【méiqì】 coal gas; gas (fuel)
  82.  【yīnmóu】 conspiracy; plot
  83. 光 【guāng】 sight; vision
  84.  【hé】 peaceful relations; harmonious
  85. 亲 【qīn】 mother
  86. 当 【měidāng】 whenever; every time
  87.  【bǎo】 (children's) nurse; housekeeper
  88. 头 【tou】 wood; log
  89. 浴露 【yùlù】 shower gel

Now, we have learned 27 phonetic components and 89 associated characters and 89 words. When learning homophone characters, we should also pay attention to other components and related compound words to avoid misunderstandings.